LABOUR RIGHTS IN MINING INDUSTRY: A COMPARATIVE JURISPRUDENTIAL INQUIRY INTO NIGERIA, SOUTH AFRICA AND GERMANY

Abstract

This paper examined labour rights in the mining industry through a comparative jurisprudential
inquiry into Nigeria, South Africa, and Germany. It observed that mining activities had historically exposed
workers to hazardous conditions, poor remuneration, weak collective bargaining structures, and
occupational health risks despite the existence of labour protection laws. The paper investigated the legal
and institutional frameworks governing labour rights in the three jurisdictions and identified major
challenges such as inadequate enforcement of labour standards, unsafe working environments, exploitation
of workers, and limited access to effective remedies, particularly in Nigeria. The paper concluded that
effective labour protection depended not merely on legislation but on enforcement and institutional
commitment. It recommended stronger regulatory oversight, improved workplace safety standards,
enhanced union protections, and comprehensive reforms in Nigeria’s mining labour regime.